Structural Strengths of Concrete Beams Reinforced With Various Types of Steel Reinforcements
Source: By:AUDU Mohammed Taiwo, Kolade Oluwole Olarewaju
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jaeser.v2i1.384
Abstract:The recurrent premature failures of public infrastructure which render most constructed facilities structurally deficient and functionally obsolete require urgent attention. This paper presents the results of the investigated properties and durability of both local and imported steel reinforcing bars in Nigeria. Flexural strengths of concrete structures reinforced with steel rebar specimens and subjected to third-point loading of 150 mm × 150 mm × 750 mm beam specimens of grade 20 N/mm2 concrete in accordance with BS 1881. The flexural stiffness of imported bars for 12 mm and 16 mm were 22.3 kN/mm2 and 49.9 kN/mm2 respectively, while the local and TMT imported bars were 11.5% and 7.5% lower. In conclusion, though the imported bars marginally satisfied the ASTM and BS standards in strength except durability, while local bars did not meet the two requirements. Hence, the development of National Building Codes that reflect the actual material characteristics is imperative to avert premature failure.
References:[1] M. Abdullahi, H.O. Aminulai, B. Alhaji, and A. Abubakar, "Modelling the Slump, Compressive Strength and Density of Concrete containing Coconut Shells as partial replacement for Crushed Granite", Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2017, 14(1), 24- 30. [2] G. Veena, S.G. Vishal and M.S. Rakhi, "Predicting Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete usingAnalysis of Variance", International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science, 2016, 2(6). [3] G.M. Ayininuola and O.O. Olalusi, "Assessment of building failures in Nigeria: Lagos and Ibadan case study". African Journal of Science and Technology (AJST), 2004,5(1),73–78. [4] C.O Amobi, "Pro-active measures to avoid failures and collapse of buildings in Nigeria", Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Building, 2006, 13(2), 25–29. [5] C. Arum and J.O. Babatola, "Failure of Building Structures, Causes an Preventive Measures". Proceedings of the Technical Session at the Annual Engineering Week. Nigerian Society of Engineers, Akure, 2006, 50-61. [6] B. Kareem, "Tensile and Chemical Analyses of Selected Steel Bars Produced in Nigeria", Australian Journal of Technology, 2009, 13(1), 29 -33. [7]O.F. Daodu, O. F. "Determination of strength and ductility characteristics of steel reinforcement bars produced in Nigeria" Unpublished Post Graduate Diploma Project, Federal University of Technology, Akure, 2005. [8] A. A. Adejimi, "Poor Building Maintenance in Nigeria: Are Architects Free from Blames?" Proceedings of the International Conference on Housing: New Challenges and Innovations in Tomorrow's Cities. 29th June -3rd July, 2005, Iceland, 2005. [9]W.T. Edwards and W.L. Gamble, "Strength of reinforcing steel bars after exposure to fire temperatures". Concrete International, 2002, 10(8), 17-25. [10]British Standards Institution, Hot rolled steel bars for reinforcement of concrete. BS 4449, Part 2, Code of Practice, London, British Standards Institution, 2001. [11]J. Ding, G.Q. Li and Y. Sakumoto, "Parametric studies on fire resistance of fireresistant steel members," Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2004, 60(7), 1007-1027. [12]J.R. Clifton and R.G. Mathey, "Bond and Creep Characteristics of coated reinforcing bars in concrete", ACI Materials Journal, 1983, 41(8),193-288. [13]Vos, E. and Hans W. Reinhardt. “Influence of loading rate on bond behaviour of reinforcing steel and prestressing strands.” Matériaux et Construction 15 (1982): 3-10. [14]J.W. Freudenthaler, G.K. Tischler and C.J Burstone, "Bond strength of fiber reinforced composite bars for orthodontic attachment", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2001, 120(6), 648-653. [15]J. Johnson, Bond Strength of Corrosion Resistant Steel Reinforcement in Concrete, Blacksburg, Virginia Tech., USA. 2010. [16]A.K. Raji, "Determination of strength and ductility characteristics of steel reinforcement bars imported into Nigeria", Unpublished Post Graduate Diploma Project, Federal University of Technology, Akure. 2005. [17]D. Jungwirth, Experiences in the development and production of reinforcing steel, Der Bauingenieur, 1999, 54(3), 60-64. [18]R.E. Melchers and C.Q. Li, "Phenomenological modeling of reinforcement corrosion in marine environments", ACI Materials Journal, 2006, 103, 25 - 32. [19]P.C. Basu, P. Shylamoni and A.D. Roshan, "Characterisation of steel reinforcement for RC structures an overview and related issues", Indian Concrete Journal, 2004, 78(1),19-30. [20]A. Bullis and J. Bhattacharjee, "Performance evaluation of rebar in chloride contaminated concrete by corrosion rate", Journal of Composites for Construction, 2008,3(6), 112-117. 2008. [21]British Standards Institution, Method for determination of tensile strength of steel bars for reinforcement of concrete. BS 1881, Part 117. Code of Practice, London, British Standards Institution. 2001. [22]British Standards Institution, Method for determination of flexural strength for concrete. BS 1881, Part 118. Code of Practice, London, British Standards Institution, 2001. [23] S.P. Timoshenko and J.M. Gere, J. M, Mechanics of Materials, PWS Publishing Company, London, 1997.