Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of 224 Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Source:
By:Xie Zhizhi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jams.v2i4.1212

Abstract:

Objective: To provide evidence for a rational and effective prevention and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the clinical characteristics and the resistance to various antibiotics of were investigated.Methods：A retrospective analysis of 224 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various specimens from various clinical departments of our hospital (April 1, 2018 to June 31, 2019) were conducted. Identification and drug susceptibility test of isolated strains was performed using a fully automatic bacterial identification analyzer (MicroScan WalkAway-96 plus), and data analysis was performed using WH0NET5.6 software. Result：Among all the bacteria isolated in our hospital during the above period, Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 10.09% of them all and 12.57% of Gram-negative bacilli, respectively. These isolates were mainly derived from sputum specimens (68.75%), mainly from male patients (70.54%), and mostly 61-70 (27.23%) or 51-60 (22.77%) years old. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are mainly from Rehabilitation Ward, ICU, and Liver Transplantation Unit, accounted for 29.91%, 12.95% and 10.27% of all isolates, respectively. The sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to various antibacterial drugs, in the order of high to low were carbapenems, aztreonam, quinolones, cephalosporins, piperacillin/ tazobactam, aminoglycoside, with a lowest resistance rate (2.4%) to amikacin and a highest resistance rate to imipenem (33.0%). Conclusion：The isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was relatively stable during the study period, and among all the P. aeruginosa detected, most of them were from the respiratory secretions of elderly male patients. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to various antibiotics is mainly within 30%. Clinical units such as Rehabilitation Ward, ICU, and Liver Transplantation Unit have a high detection rate, therefore, these departments should be monitored in a focused manner. Our research provide a scientific basis for the rational use of antibiotics and a better control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

References:

[1] Newman J W, Floyd R V, Fothergill J L. The contribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors and host factors in the establishment of urinary tract infections[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 2017, 364(15). [2] Palmer G C, Whiteley M. Metabolism and Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in the Lungs of Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis[J]. Microbiol Spectr, 2015, 3(4). [3] Serra R, Grande R, Butrico L, et al. Chronic wound infections: the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2015, 13(5): 605-613. [4] Moosavian M, Rahimzadeh M. Molecular detection of metallo-beta-lactamase genes, bla IMP-1, bla VIM-2 and bla SPM-1 in imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens in teaching hospitals of Ahvaz, Iran[J]. Iran J Microbiol, 2015, 7(1): 2-6. [5] Gholami S, Tabatabaei M, Sohrabi N. Comparison of biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in human and environmental isolates[J]. Microb Pathog, 2017, 109: 94-98. [6] de Bentzmann S, Plesiat P. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa opportunistic pathogen and human infections[J]. Environ Microbiol, 2011, 13(7): 1655-1665. [7] Longo B, Pantosti A, Luzzi I, et al. Molecular findings and antibiotic-resistance in an outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit[J]. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 2007, 43(1): 83-88. [8] Barbier F, Andremont A, Wolff M, et al. Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: recent advances in epidemiology and management[J]. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 2013, 19(3): 216-228. [9] Al-Wrafy F, Brzozowska E, Gorska S, et al. Pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa - the role of biofilm in pathogenicity and as a target for phage therapy[J]. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online), 2017, 71(0): 78-91. [10] Potron A, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Emerging broad-spectrum resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii: Mechanisms and epidemiology[J]. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2015, 45(6): 568-585. [11] Wolter D J, Lister P D. Mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J]. Curr Pharm Des, 2013, 19(2): 209-222. [12] F Hu, Y Guo, D Zhu, et al. 2017 CHINET China bacterial resistance surveillance[J]. Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 2018, 18(03): 241-251. [13] Riera E, Cabot G, Mulet X, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa carbapenem resistance mechanisms in Spain: impact on the activity of imipenem, meropenem and doripenem[J]. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2011, 66(9): 2022-2027.