Anti-bacterial Properties of Transition Metal Complexes of Copper Metal Ion: A Mini Review

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jmmr.v5i2.4836

Abstract:
Bacterial infections are a major cause for impulsive deaths in human beings.
Bacterial infections of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and central nervous
system account for the majority of cases of sudden casualties. Readily available
drugs are getting ineffective by each passing day as the mutation is very
fast in these pathogenic microbes resulting in drug resistance. The growing
resistance of bacteria necessitates the development of new and effective
compounds of desired characteristics that could bar the rapid development of
bacterial cell inside of the host body. Along with cellular resistance for clinical
antibiotics, co-bacterial infections during microbial attacks (viz. virus, fungus,
protozoans etc.) also demand for some novel antibacterial drugs having high
efficacy and minimal side effects on human body. These antibiotics should
also be compatible with remedies ongoing for core microbial infections. So,
in demand of search for effective antibacterial moieties, the scope of transition
metal complexes as drug gives a good signal against the pathogenic bacteria
by inhibiting their growth. The action of metal complexes on bacterial cell
may be due to impremiablity, enzymatic interruptions, ribosomal interactions,
disturbance in the path of protein synthesis, denaturing of genetic materials
etc. inside the cell. Metals in complexes may interrupt the lipophilisity through
the bacterial cell wall. Inclusion of metal ions in organic moieties behaving
as ligand delocalize π-electrons upon the entire chelate ring and this chelation
results in overlapping of ligand orbital and partial sharing of (+)ve charge
of metal ion with donor atoms. These structural modifications in metal and
organic lone pair donor species are the supposed reasons for their enhanced
antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microbes. The present review
focuses on the impact of recently synthesized, well characterized mono and
binuclear transition metal complexes of Cu ions that have the potential to be the drug of the decade in medicinal inorganic chemistry for treating the bacterial diseases.
References:

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